This presentation examines the growing concern of third-party ADAS retrofitting and vehicle defeat devices, presenting Thatcham Research’s comprehensive analysis of their impact on automotive safety and insurance liability. Dominic will share findings from investigations into aftermarket systems like the Comma 3X, revealing how these technologies interact with original vehicle safety architectures and potentially compromise intended safety performance. The research explores the accuracy, reliability, and behavioural patterns of retrofit ADAS solutions compared to factory-integrated systems, highlighting critical gaps in safety standards and regulatory oversight. Additionally, the presentation addresses Volkswagen’s defeat device controversy as a case study in manufacturer integrity and its broader implications for the automotive industry. Key focus areas include insurance risk assessment challenges, liability concerns when accidents involve modified vehicles, and the urgent need for standardised testing protocols for aftermarket safety technologies. Attendees will gain insight into how these emerging technologies are reshaping vehicle risk profiles and the essential role of independent testing in protecting consumers and insurers from unquantified safety risks.